In this Cochrane review, the authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of six studies (five true RCTs and one quasi-RCT) looking at patients with primary patellar dislocation. Mean age ranged from 19.3 to 25.7 years of age. Follow-up ranged from 2-9 years. Quality of evidence was assessed as very low according to the GRADE criteria. Patients undergoing surgery for primary patellar dislocation had significantly lower risk of recurrent dislocation. Very low quality evidence on functional outcomes found no significant difference between the two groups. Adverse events were only reported in one study, and attributed to the surgical group.