
Most RCTs in shoulder and elbow surgery are at high risk of bias and have fragile findings
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2019;28(12):2409-2417.The Fragility Index is a measure of how many opposite outcomes it would take for an RCT to go from having a statistically significant finding to being non-significant. The lower this number is, the less confident we can be in the results. This Index has gained popularity in recent years as a way to measure the overall confidence in findings of RCTs on a given topic. In this study, the authors assessed the Fragility Index for RCTs in shoulder and elbow surgery. They found a median Fragility Index of 4, with a high proportion of trials at high risk of bias.
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