86 patients with scaphoid nonunion, and no previous surgical intervention, were randomized to undergo surgical repair using either a vascularized or a conventional non-vascularized graft to determine how these grafts affect union rates and functional outcomes. Results indicated that bone union was observed in significantly more patients in group 1 (vascularized graft) compared to group 2 (non-vascularized graft), and this union was also achieved significantly quicker in group 1. In terms of functional scores, they were only significantly better in group 1 for patients with non-vascularized proximal pole bone fragments.