One hundred and sixty-one patients scheduled to receive unilateral primary total hip replacement were randomly assigned into 1 of 2 groups, a tranexamic group or a placebo, to test the effect of topical application of tranexamic acid has on blood loss and transfusion in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. The results of the study indicated that topical administration of tranexamic acid was effective in reducing blood loss and need for blood transfusion following total hip replacement, and also successfully avoided the complications intravenous tranexamic acid administration can lead to.