178 subjects were randomized to one of two treatment groups or a control group. One group received custom-made in-shoe orthoses, the second group received ready-made in-shoe orthoses, and the third group did not receive any orthoses (control). Outcomes of pain, gross motor skills, exercise efficiency and self-perception were examined. Results from this study did not provide evidence to justify in-shoe orthoses for the management of flexible excess foot pronation in children ages 7-11. No significant differences were seen in the outcomes when comparing the intervention and control groups at 3 and 12 months.