86 patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery for the treatment of degenerative lumbar conditions were randomized to receive 6 weeks of either the Changing Behavior through Physical Therapy (CBPT) program or physical therapist-delivered education, 6 weeks following surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the CBPT program on clinical outcomes, performance based tests, and psychosocial parameters, in patients with a high fear of movement and chronic pain, at 6 months postoperatively. The results displayed that the CBPT program significantly improved pain and pain interference, disability, physical and mental performance scores, 5-Chair stand test times, and psychosocial outcomes at 3 months when compared to the education group.