120 patients undergoing hip resurfacing were randomized to receive either a cemented or uncemented femoral component to compare these treatment approaches with respect to femoral bone mineral density (BMD). Results indicated that BMD was significantly increased in zones 1-4 when an uncemented femoral component was used compared to a cemented component, although subjective patient outcomes were similar between groups. Furthermore, patients in the uncemented group displayed significant increases in BMD at 2 years, whereas patients in the cemented group exhibited significantly decreased BMD at 2 years.