8 randomized controlled trials were included in this systematic review to determine the effect of balance and proprioceptive training on outcomes following total knee and hip arthroplasty. Both studies that assessed preoperative and postoperative training programs were included. The results of this meta-analysis indicated that prehabilitation with balance and proprioception training exercises in total knee and total hip arthroplasty had little impact on the improvement of postoperative outcomes. In contrast, postoperative balance and proprioception exercises demonstrated favourable results in some areas of postoperative outcome, predominantly self-reported function and balance.